We found COVID-19 seroprevalence (anti-S IgG antibodies) estimates were much higher than anticipated, and spatially varied largely across different favelas. We conducted a population-based study in one of the poorest areas in Rio de Janeiro, Complexo de Manguinhos, which comprises 16 different favelas.

Favelas represent a combination of concentrated poverty, insecure and inadequate housing conditions, and lack of access to essential services, such as clean water, sanitation, and healthcare. Added value of this studyīrazil has become a hotspot for COVID-19 globally and the magnitude of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil can be, at least partially, explained by the country's massive socioeconomic inequality. Other national or regional population-based studies have limited representativity of individuals living in favelas or slums. Most studies included small samples that were not representative of the entire community/area. Few studies described the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in urban slums and favelas, using different sampling and recruitment strategies, various serological assays, and periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. We reviewed the evidence for the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil available as of Mar 17, 2022, by searching the Medline and the Virtual Health Library ( Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde of the Pan American Health Organization) databases for articles and preprints, published in English or Portuguese, using the terms AND AND. The Lancet Regional Health – Western PacificĬOVID-19 serosurveys allow for the monitoring of the level of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and support data-driven decisions, which can be particularly useful in low-income settings with limited testing capacity.The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia.The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.

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